Traveling Wave
QUBIG's traveling wave phase modulators consist of an electro-optic crystal that is coupled to a high frequency electrode circuitry via an RF input and a 50Ohms terminated output connector. This circuit is constructed such that the coupled microwave on its way from the input to the modulator output is phase matched with the light that is traveling through the crystal.
An impedance matching network transforms the reactive crystal load to a 50Ohms input to allow for easy matching to standard RF drivers and function generators. Note: As the electrooptic effect is generally weak and no resonant enhancement implemented broadband RF sources with high out put power might be required to achieve a significant effect.